Contents
Today, humanity is facing a multidimensional crisis in which the very foundations of global peace are under threat. Religion plays a central role in addressing human problems, yet it is simultaneously perceived as a source of conflict. Sufism, as the esoteric dimension of Islam, promotes a worldview rooted in love, peace, security, openness, and acceptance of all people regardless of belief, origin, affiliation, or race. In this respect, Sufism may be offered as an alternative to extremist and violent interpretations of Islam. This book examines the perspectives of three prominent moderate Sufi scholars: Shaykh ʿAbd al-Ḥalīm Maḥmūd of Egypt, Bediuzzaman Said Nursi of Turkey, and Hamka of Indonesia. The research demonstrates that three theological frameworks emerge as particularly powerful, original, and innovative—Maḥmūd’s theology of Fī Sabīl Allāh, Nursi’s theology of positive action, and Hamka’s theology of happiness.
